[55] Israel quickly seized control of the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, East Jerusalem, and the Sinai Peninsula. Taylor. While the South Vietnamese and United States troops reversed most of the offensive's gains in the following two weeks, some intense fighting continued for months after the attack. Six weeks into 1968 came the hammer blow to the Johnson presidency: The North Vietnamese, shrewdly discerning that America was losing heart for the endless bloodletting, staged dozens of near-suicidal attacks all over the South. LBJ complained to his cabinet that the only place he could give a campaign speech now was on an aircraft carrier. [63] On the advice of Abe Fortas, Johnson dispatched over 20,000 United States Marine Corps troops to the Dominican Republic. In the meantime an election establishing a constitutional government in the South was concluded and provided hope for peace talks. Martin Luther King Jr. is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. Johnson would later use this as a "functional equivalent" to a declaration of war, though his critics would respond that he should have gone to Congress for a formal declaration. In January 1967, Johnson signed the Outer Space Treaty with Soviet Premier Aleksei Kosygin, which banned nuclear weapons in earth orbit, on the moon or other planets, or in deep space. [3] In other areas the achievements were limited. Meanwhile, the war dragged on. He surely realize he faced a difficult fix of challenges in the instantaneous past: monitors the final defeats of Deutschland and Japan; managing the U.S. role at post-war international relations; supervising the Habitant economy's transition from an war-time to a peace . Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964. On March 8, 1965, two Marine battalions, 3,500 troops, went ashore near Da Nang to protect the airfields, with orders to shoot only if shot atthis was the first time U.S. combat forces had been sent to mainland Asia since the Korean War. Brands, ed. He stated that there would be no bombing of North Vietnam except in the area near the demilitarized zone and asked Ho Chi Minh to respond positively to this gesture. Though actively engaged in containment in Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and Latin America, Johnson made it a priority to seek arms control deals with Moscow. "Interminable: The Historiography of the Vietnam War, 19451975." "[29] Soon thereafter, the U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee, chaired by Senator James William Fulbright, held televised hearings examining the administration's Vietnam policy. [20] In a campaign known as Operation Rolling Thunder, the U.S. would continue to bomb North Vietnam until late-1968, dropping over 800,000 tons of bombs over three and a half years. /*-->
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