Please consider supporting TheTorah.com. Even though Ishmael was born from Abrahams own body, Ishmael could not be the heir. She is the free woman, and she is our mother." Galatians 4:26 (NLT) 5, p. 303. Why did the heretics ask and from where did the Rabbis get their answer? I will establish my covenant with him as an everlasting covenant for his descendants after him.. The Historicity of the Patriarchal Narratives, Wifesister narratives in the Book of Genesis, "Lexikoneintrag zu Sara (5). Which ability is most related to insanity: Wisdom, Charisma, Constitution, or Intelligence? Since he was still suspicious, he insisted on examining her, but a miracle occurred when his hands passed over her body. In later years Abraham rises to greatness but his mother who abandoned him as an infant is not present to witness this. I'm wondering if there's any evidence behind that assertion. He intended to go with them to Canaan but he stayed in Harran, where he died at the age of 205 years (Genesis 11:24-32). R. Hanan b. Raba further stated in the name of Rab: [The name of] the [4] See the Jewish Encyclopedia article for more information. A minor figure thereafter in the traditions of Judaism and Christianity, Ishmael continued to play a foundational role in Islamic . The people continued to taunt and persecute him, but to no avail, as the Qur'an says that it was they "that lost most". God said Sarah would bear Abraham a son. Encouraged in their resolve by their mother, they are tortured and executed. An alternative interpretation that goes even deeper into the mystical realm, is in the writings of R. Isaac Luria (the Arizal) we find the shocking claim that Abrahams father forced his wife to sleep with him while she was in a state of impurity. The name given for this man in Quran 6:74[20] is zar (Arabic: ), As a father, Azar required his son's most sincere advice. [14], After having lived in Canaan for ten years and still childless, Sarai suggested that Abram have a child with her Egyptian handmaiden Hagar, to which he agreed. His father was named Terah. Emanuel Feldman. Terah or Terach (Hebrew: Tera) is a biblical figure in the Book of Genesis. [citation needed] Through Terah, she would have been a 10th-generation descendant of Noah, still alive,[citation needed] living in the Mountains of Ararat, and over nine centuries old at the time of her birth. God allowed no one to be Abrahams heir without going through mother, the free woman. However, he orders them to leave Mizraim. I appreciate this is akin to an argument from silence but this is a hermeneutics board and one principle of biblical hermeneutics is that if the bible doesn't give us a detail that detail is not pertinent to our understanding of the story. [10] Following God's command, Abram took his wife Sarai, his nephew Lot, and the wealth and slaves that they had acquired, and traveled to Shechem in Canaan. Who was Amathlai and what is known about her? Abraham 's first son Ishmael was the father of all Arabic/Muslim tribes/descendants, but Abraham was Jew. When brought before Pharaoh, Sarah said that Abram was her brother, and the king thereupon bestowed upon the latter many presents and marks of distinction. He learned in Manchester Yeshiva, Gateshead Yeshiva, and Mir Yeshiva. Nor do I the know dating or reliability of this document in regards to historical details like this. At that time the son born according to the flesh persecuted the son born by the power of the Spirit. Rabbi Chaim Yosef David Azulai (Chida; 1724 1806), in Avodat Hakodesh (Kaf Achat, 9) writes that it is a segulah a good omen for someone going to see a king, a ruler, or a person of authority to say the name Amatlai bas Karnebo 17 times. That would indeed be a wonderful thing! Terah then brought his unruly son before Nimrod, who threw him into a fiery furnace, yet Abram miraculously escaped (Genesis Rabba 38:13). [16], In Genesis 17 when Abram was ninety-nine years old, God declared his new name: "Abraham" "a father of many nations", and gave him the covenant of circumcision. His older siblings were Mordecai, Josiah, and Mary. She receives ongoing Divine help in these efforts. The patriarch, then a hundred years old, named the child "Isaac" (Hebrew yitschaq, "laughter") and circumcised him when he was eight days old. His wife Mary Todd hailed from a wealthy clan. For this reason the Talmud offers, almost as an afterthought, that knowing these names is helpful in debating heretics, who see the lack of mention of these characters names as a sign of the Bibles lack of authenticity. [46][47] Sarah was sterile; but a miracle was granted to her[48] after her name was changed from "Sarai" to "Sarah". It is shrouded in mystery to Jewish scholars as to why Terah began the journey and as to why the journey ended prematurely. No details are given as to her life or her religious beliefs before Abraham's return to Ur Kadim to thwart Nimrod's efforts to proclaim himself a god. Oops! XII. He said to himself that he had a plan for their idols, whilst they would be gone away. Changing patterns in Biblical criticism. In this video Pastor Joe looks at what we know from the Bible. [3] Meanwhile, the baby Abraham, with his mother and nurse hid in a cave for ten years. Would that make her a Canaanite? Terah is known in the Bible as the father of Abram (known later as Abraham), who in turn received the covenant promise of God regarding the future birth of His Son, Jesus. Interpreting non-statistically significant results: Do we have "no evidence" or "insufficient evidence" to reject the null? Since Sarah, Abrahams wife was barren, she gave him Hagar her maidservant to bear Abraham a son. [7], Genesis 11:26[9] states that Terah lived 70 years, "and begot Abram, Nahor, and Haran". Haran died in his native city, Ur of the Chaldees. They returned to Canaan, and a decade passed and still, she and Abraham had no children. The first candidate was Eliezer. Abram's name was changed, by God, to Abraham when he was 99 years of age. Dont miss the latest essays from TheTorah.com. She desperately wanted to avoid going to the special compound, so she told her husband that she was not feeling well. Updated on June 25, 2019. Later, God came to Abimelech in a dream and declared that taking her would result in death because she was a married woman. Pirke De-Rabbi Eliezer (ch. When it became clear that Azar's unrelenting hatred towards monotheism would never be fought, Abraham dissociated himself from him. Quran Academy", "Abraham the Patriarch in Art Iconography and Literature", "Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time", "The Bah' Principle of Religious Unity and the Challenge of Radical Pluralism", "Journey and Life of the Patriarch Abraham", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abraham&oldid=1152110926, 9 October Roman Catholicism and Lutheranism, This page was last edited on 28 April 2023, at 07:59. Isaac who was born of both Abraham and Sarah represents those who believe both in God the Father and God the Mother. [41] As a token of his love for Sarai the king deeded his entire property to her, and gave her the land of Goshen as her hereditary possession: for this reason the Israelites subsequently lived in that land. "The Three Faces of Sarah", Chabad.org, Prophets in the Hebrew Bible / Old Testament, Current Ummah of Islam (Ummah of Muhammad), ibn Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sarah&oldid=1152163067, People celebrated in the Lutheran liturgical calendar, Pages with numeric Bible version references, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2021, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from November 2015, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Mother Abiona or Amtelai the daughter of Karnebo. Amatlah, daughter of Carnabu. Although on a journey in the right direction, Terah fell short at arriving to the divine destinationin contrast to Abram, who did follow through and achieved the divine goal, and was not bound by his father's idolatrous past. Inexplicably her body did not grow any bigger during the last six months of pregnancy. Terah is mentioned in Genesis 11:2627, Book of Joshua 24:2, and 1 Chronicles 1:1727 of the Hebrew Bible and Luke 3:3436 in the New Testament. Abraham Lincoln came from the humblest of beginnings. Sarah has been featured in several novels, and she is the central character and in Sarah by Orson Scott Card in the Women of Genesis series, Sarai: A Novel by Jill Eileen Smith, and Sarah: A Novel by Marek Halter, and Song of Sarai by Zannah Martin. If you can address this I can accept the answer and vote it up. Rabbi David D. Steinberg is the co-founder and director of TheTorah.com - Project TABS. [12], In Jewish tradition, when Terah died at age 205, Abraham (70 years younger) was already 135 years old. Abraham and His Family. There is no new beginning; but having briefly sketched the family from which Abram sprang, and indicated that he had inherited from them the right of primogeniture, the narrative next proceeds to the primary purpose of the Told th Terah, which is to show how in Abram Jehovah prepared for the fulfilment, through . Ishmael was the second candidate born from Abraham, a free man. This is marked break from the biblical and Second Temple literature in which she plays a far more ancillary role. Kernebo could be 'lamb of nebo' and a reference to the mount Nebo, which is the place Moses stood upon to look into the promised land (Deut 34:1) which could, if the source is reliable, potentially suggest a close racial link, i.e. In light of parallels between the rabbis' characterization of Sarah and early Christian themes connected to the Virgin Mary popular in this same period, it has been suggested that the rabbis used their portrayal of Sarah to establish her as a Jewish alternative to the Virgin Mary. 24:2). Indeed modern scholarship would not see the omission of Abrahams mother as a historical problem, the Torah never records names of women unless there is some reason for it. After the incident of the idol wreckage, the people of Abraham, while having admitted their fault, are said to have ignored Abraham's warning and instead retaliated by throwing him into a fire and exclaiming "protect your gods". Will Sarah bear a child at the age of ninety? And Abraham said to God, If only Ishmael might live under your blessing!. Abraham explained to him the faults of idolatry,[21] and why he was wrong to worship objects which could neither hear nor see. Tradition presents Amathlai as a very brave woman, ready to defy her husband and her king in order to save her unborn child. that Terah repented of his idolatry before dying (Genesis Rabbah Indeed, I see you and your people to be in manifest error. While there are different versions of this story (see, for example, 2 Macc. What are the advantages of running a power tool on 240 V vs 120 V? Yet his mother, Hagar was born as a slave. This resulted in tension between Sarai and Hagar, and Sarai complained to her husband that the handmaid no longer respected her. The book of Jubilees (11:13), compiled 700 years earlier than the Talmud, gives Abrahams mother the name of Ednah. But at the crucial moment, after the birth of her son, she loses hope and abandons him. [6] Such unions were later explicitly banned in the Book of Leviticus (Leviticus 18:9). and put the stick in the largest idol's hand. The Spirit you received does not make you slaves, so that you live in fear again; rather, the Spirit you received brought about your adoption to sonship. Firstly, it is rather odd that Abrahams mother ca. The Two Mothers Who Molded Lincoln. Abrahams challenges were that he had to protect his kids. Hebrews 11:17-19ESV / 7 helpful votes HelpfulNot Helpful Father - Abraham Mother - Sarah Wife - Rebekah Sons - Esau, Jacob Half-Brother - Ishmael; Three heavenly beings visited Abraham and told him in a year he would have a son. Answer (1 of 16): Abraham's mother was the wife of Terah, Abram's father. From the table one can see that Noah was an ancient . In regard to the specific request regarding background information from scripture about Abram's the mother one has to say the bible is virtually silent. [54][55][56], The Quran likewise repeats the biblical story that Sarah laughed when she received a divine message confirming her pregnancy, although in the Quran this message is heralded by angels and not by God himself:[57], There came Our messengers to Abraham with glad tidings. Passing negative parameters to a wolframscript. Wiki User. However considering that Abram was called out of Ur (with his father) it is most likely that his mother was a local girl rather then one brought on a long journey from Canaan. Genesis 20:12, Sarah, Abraham's wife, was his half-neice (Terah's The sources I've seen respected the historicity of Abram and suggested he was a Canaanite. Nimrod orders Terach to send him the baby to be put to death, but Terach outwitted the king. [59], There are three stories in Genesis where a patriarch identifies his wife as his sister; scholars debate the relationship among these, with some saying that the account of the encounter of Abraham and Sarah with Pharaoh in Genesis 12-13 is the oldest, while the stories of Abraham and Sarah encounter King Abimelech in Genesis 20, and of Isaac and Rebecca's encounter with a different King Abimelech in Genesis 26, are interpretations of that one, generated to explain it or deal with other matters of concern. The family lived in Ur of the Chaldees. The Torah, however, relates Terah's death in Haran before Abram continues the journey to Canaan as an expression that he was not remiss in the Mitzvah of honoring a parent by leaving his aging father behind. (source http://www.jewishmag.com/162mag/abraham_mother/abraham_mother.htm), The question of Abrams ethnicity is interesting from an historical perspective, but the biblical writers offered no information about his early life aside from the names of a few family members and the place they left (Gen.11:26-32). Miraculously the angel Gabriel saved the baby boy. However, God afflicted Pharaoh's household with great plagues. Rashbam suggests an explanation in his commentary (ad loc.). Sarah is also a subject discussed in nonfiction books. Genesis 17: 15-18God also said to Abraham, As for Sarai your wife, you are no longer to call her Sarai; her name will be Sarah. Since Abraham represents God, Abrahams family must represent Gods family in the kingdom of Heaven. [26][8]:26. But what does Scripture say? 2012-05-22 19:06:22. [18] For Sarah, the thought of giving birth and nursing a child, at such an old age, also brought her much laughter, as she declared, "God had made me to laugh, [so that] all that hear will laugh with me. [44] In Genesis 17:15, God changes her name to Sarah (princess) ("a woman of high rank") as part of the covenant with El Shaddai after Hagar bears Abram his first born son Ishmael. Terah is mentioned in Genesis 11:2627,[2] Joshua 24:2,[3] and 1 Chronicles 1:1727[4] of the Hebrew Bible and Luke 3:3436[5] in the New Testament. Is Brooke shields related to willow shields? After securing Isaac's position in the family as Abraham's heir, Sarah largely disappears from Genesis, but she is remembered as the ancestress of her people. With the possibilities established, later interpreters can build on this and find new significancemystical, magical, ethical, etc. (Gen 11:31,32). Romans 8:12-18 For those who are led by the Spirit of God are the children of God. [3] Switching the slaves baby for the masters baby to save the latters life is a common literary trope, although one which, in our post slavery world, is rather distasteful to the modern reader. But the Jerusalem that is above is free, and she is our motherNow you, brothers, like Isaac, are children of promiseTherefore, brothers, we are not children of the slave woman, but of the free woman. Van Seters examined the patriarchal stories and argued that their names, social milieu, and messages strongly suggested that they were Iron Age creations. Watch this next: https://youtu.be/YyChonSQiV. But this possible connection was not the interest of biblical writers who instead presented Abram as a foreigner in Canaan. What were Abrahams challenges? A Mosque in the area of Medina, possibly: This page was last edited on 28 April 2023, at 15:59. that his father Terah had a portion in the World to Come, meaning cried, "Do they have any knowledge?" 2000 B.C.E. Can you expand on "daughter of Karnebo"? Why does Jesus tell his mother his "hour has not yet come"? ", Sarah is believed to be buried in the Cave of the Patriarchs (known by Muslims as the Sanctuary of Abraham). This alone proves that Abram was not a Canaanite and that Terah his father would not have found it godly/wise to take a wife from a cursed people. Sarah (originally named Sarai) was one of several women in the Bible who were unable to have children. [27], The Quran states that the people of Abraham were idolaters. How much is a biblical shekel of silver worth in us dollars? Abraham is known as the patriarch of the Israelite people through Isaac, the son born to him and Sarah in their old age and the patriarch of Arabs through his son Ishmael, born to Abraham and Hagar, Sarah 's Egyptian servant. Thomas, who was born in Rockingham County, Virginia, was the fourth of five children born to the couple. At the end of the book, she reveals that her birth name is "Sarah" to her husband, who takes the revelation as a promise from God that they will one day be able to have children. Kach darkah shel Torah this is the way of Torah. In this story, King Nimrods stargazers tell him that Terachs newly-bom son would one day be a danger to his throne. What was his mothers name? Haman's mother is mentioned only because her name is also Amathlai, identical with the name of Abraham's mother. And by him we cry, Abba, Father. The Spirit himself testifies with our spirit that we are Gods children. When the Egyptians see you, they will say, 'this is his wife.' Her name is a feminine form of sar (Hebrew: ), meaning "chieftain" or "prince". She is buried in Kiryat Arba, in Hebron, in the Cave of Machpela. Genesis just days Terah became the father of Abraham, Nahor and Haran. Firstly, it is rather odd that Abraham's mother ca. For the place, see, The Masoretic Text gives his age at death as 205. His son by the slave woman was born in the ordinary way; but his son by the free woman was born as the result of a promise. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. [30] In Galatians 4, she and Hagar are used as an allegory of the old and new covenants: "For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one by the slave woman and the other by the free woman. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. Ishmael's father was Abraham but his mother was Hagar, a slave woman. [33] Although the natural nature of fire is one of intense heat, God commanded the flame to be cool and peaceful for Abraham. But, as prophesied, she became pregnant with Isaac and she nursed him herself. [40] Not only are a relatively large number of drashot dedicated to the matriarch, but she is repeatedly depicted as a model of personal and religious excellence. Hagar then bore Ishmael. TheTorah.com is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization.We rely on the support of readers like you. The Talmud identifies Sarai with Iscah, daughter of Abraham's deceased brother Haran,[37] so that in this Sarah turns out to be the niece of Abraham and the sister of Lot and Milcah. In response, God told Abimelech that he did indeed have a blameless heart and that was why he continued to exist. In the 1994 film Abraham, Sarah is portrayed by Barbara Hershey. Please support us. Pastor Moses April 17, 2017. (1) Now the Lord had said unto Abram.--Heb., And Jehovah said unto Abram. When Terah returned, he demanded that Abram explain what he'd done. On the right the Mystic -Rabbi Israel Abuhatzeira, known as the Baba Sali. ", Terah is identified as the person who arranged and led the family to embark on a mysterious journey to Canaan. In Genesis 17 when Abram was ninety-nine years old, God declared his new name: "Abraham" - "a father of many nations", and gave him the covenant of circumcision. [27] She is praised for her faith in the Hebrews "hall of faith" passage alongside a number of other Old Testament figures. Terah is mentioned in Jesus' genealogy in Luke 3:34. Contents 1 Ancestry 2 Enslavement in Egypt and Bareness 3 Birth of Isaac 4 Bibliography Sarah is the wife of Abraham, the mother of Isaac, and thus the ancestress of all Israel. 26) gives her the name was - Atudai.[2]. However that is supposition. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. http://jandyongenesis.blogspot.com/2008/12/abrahams-canaanite-mother.html. How are we to understand the Talmud in light of these observation? In fact, the Talmud sees this missing information as an opportunity for heretics to question the validity of the Torah. The Sages of the Talmud record that her name was Amathlai, the daughter of Karnebo, and that she became the wife of Terah, Abraham's father. The Zohar says that when God One of his grandchildren was Lot, whose father, Haran, had died at Ur.[6]. Abimelech confronted Abraham, angry that his lie had caused him to provoke the wrath of a god, but, also like Pharaoh, he bestows great wealth upon Abraham. Genesis 17:19 Then God said, Yes, but your wife Sarah will bear you a son, and you will call him Isaac. Even if one is not particularly bothered by this question (the names of many important women are left out of the Torahs narratives) the rabbis of the Talmud were. Who is Reuben's tribal head upon entering the promised land? The earliest story involving Abraham in the Quran is his discussion with his ab (Arabic: , lit. Thus, Sarah offered Hagar, her slavewoman, as a concubine to her husband so that he may have a child. The Bible does not identify Abram's mother, only his father. [15] At one point, Hagar fled from her mistress but returned after angels consoled her. Abraham is the tenth generation descendant from Noah's son Shem. Abraham told The fifth-century rabbinic midrash Genesis Rabbah dedicates a large amount of attention to Sarah in particular. @DickHarfield My point was simply that this question wouldn't make it very far on that site because they don't even believe Abram existed. But, in the 1970s, new arguments concerning Israel's past and the biblical texts challenged these views; these arguments can be found in Thomas L. Thompson's The Historicity of the Patriarchal Narratives (1974), and John Van Seters' Abraham in History and Tradition (1975). I assume Abram's mother was also a descendant of Shem and not Ham, meaning nether him nor her was a Canaanite. Abraham thought Ishmael was qualified as his heir because he was born from his own body. Is there any known 80-bit collision attack? Abram replied, "Listen to what you are saying! There she found a cave where she gave birth to a son whom she names Abram. Did Billy Graham speak to Marilyn Monroe about Jesus? The Christian views of the time of Terah come from a passage in the New Testament at Acts 7:24[16] where Stephen said some things that contrast with Jewish rabbinical views. Is there any scripture that supports the suggestion that Jesus's mother Mary was a descendant of King David? Then the word of the Lord came to him: This man will not be your heir, but a son who is your own flesh and blood will be your heir.. The name of Abraham's mother is not mentioned in the Bible. Sarah is also the focus of one of several stories collected in Sarah and After by Lynne Reid Banks. In regards to other Jewish sources in the Talmud (Baba Batra 91a) we read that her name was Amathlai, here is one translation of that portion of the Talmud. According to Book of Genesis 20:12, in conversation with the Philistine king Abimelech of Gerar, Abraham reveals Sarah to be both his wife and his half-sister, stating that the two share a father but not a mother. The boy wailed and wept; but he could not escape from his father." The decisive factor for God to accept him as the heir was Sarah as his mother. Terah cried, "Do they have any knowledge?" This indicates that the decisive factor of who can be Abraham's heir was not because of Abraham but Sarah (Genesis 17:16-19). Abraham replied that he thought there was no fear of God in that place, and that they might kill him for his wife. Learn more about Abraham Lincoln's parents: Thomas Lincoln (Father) One covenant is from Mount Sinai and bears children who are to be slaves: This is Hagar. [13] Pharaoh then realized that Sarai was Abram's wife and demanded that they leave Egypt immediately. Steinberg took the Ner LeElef Rabbinical Outreach training course and moved to Huntington, NY in 2002 to work as an outreach rabbi for the Mesorah Center. (NIV). He said that God appeared to Abraham in Mesopotamia, and directed him to leave the Chaldeanswhereas most rabbinical commentators see Terah as being the one who directed the family to leave Ur Kasdim from Genesis 11:31: "Terah took his son Abram, his daughter-in-law Sarai (his son Abram's wife), and his grandson Lot (his son Haran's child) and left Ur of the Chaldeans to go to the land of Canaan. [24] When Abraham offered his father the guidance and advice of God, he rejected it, and threatened to stone him to death. . A woman came with a plateful of flour and asked Abraham Instead God's wish to have Abraham become the patriarch of the Jewish people becomes the motivation for Divine intervention. The Midrash regards Terah as wicked (E.g., Numbers Rabbah 19:1; [53], The Islamic portrayal of Sarah, who is unnamed in the Quran, mimics that of her portrayal in Judaism and Christianity, in that she is a good woman, kin and wife to Abraham, who, after years of barrenness, is blessed with a son, the prophet Isaac (Isq). Sarah was the wife of Abraham, and the first of the four matriarchs of the Jewish nation.She is widely referred to as Sarah Imeinu, "Sarah Our Mother." Along with her husband, the Patriarch Abraham, Sarah was instrumental in teaching thousands of people about monotheismthe belief in one Gd.1; Known for her kindness and hospitality, Sarah welcomed with open arms all who visited her tent.2 saved Abraham from Nimrod's furnace, Terah repented (Zohar, Either way, Rav Hanan seems to be suggesting that Terach married the daughter or granddaughter of Job. 30:4; 30:12). The place became known as the Cave of the Patriarchs. Sarah soon became pregnant and bore a son to Abraham, at the very time which had been spoken. Launched Shavuot 5773 / 2013 | Copyright Project TABS, All Rights Reserved, script type="text/javascript"> following account: Terah once went away and left Abraham to mind This may have been a reference to the debates that the Talmudic Sages had with the early Christians who were their contemporaries. Though ignored in the Torah, one Midrashic legend relates that Amathlai became pregnant with Abraham at the very time that Nimrod learned that a boy would be born soon and this boy wouldsuccessfully rise up against him. living in Ur, a Sumerian and Akkadian city, would have the same name as Hamans mother living in Persia 500 B.C.E. Matthew 6:9-10 This, then, is how you should pray: Our Father in heaven, hallowed be your name, your kingdom come, your will be done, on earth as it is in heaven., Just how the Lords prayer testifies Our Father in Heaven, the Apostle Paul testifies Our Mother who is above.. However, notable differences exist in the portrayal of her relationships with Abraham, Hagar, and Ishmael. His name in Hebrew means " father of a multitude." Originally called Abram, or "exalted father," the Lord changed his name to Abraham as a symbol of the covenant promise to multiply his . He is honored by Jews, Muslims, and Christians as a great man, but what religion did he follow before being called by Yahweh? ", Therefore, the singular word ab does not always mean progenitor, and can be used for an adopter, uncle, step-father, or caretaker, unlike the word wlid (Arabic: , progenitor).
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